Initial Public Offer

The offering of shares and stocks made by a company for the first time to the public is known as the Initial public offering. The main objective of such offering is to raise capital which would be used for business expansion. Private owned companies also offers shares because this gives them a chance to become a public traded company. The company wishing to offer such shares can take the help of Underwriting Firms who helps in determining the best offering price and the time when such shares should be made public.

Share Activist

A share activist is a person who takes part in the management of a corporation by using equity stakes. The main constituent of such a shareholder lies in comparative cheapness which may be enough to carry out a flourishing promotion. Relational Investors LLL, Santa Monica Partners Opportunity Fund LP are some well known share activist.

ARBITRAGE

ARBITRAGE is a term used when some advantage is taken in a situation where there is an imbalance between two markets. Here arbitrageur earns profits even though he doesn't invest anything. This works on the principle of “law of one price “which means same price trading in all markets.

Royalties

Royalties are payment made for using one’s asset or intellectual property and is ascertained as a percentage of net sales which is derived from the use of such asset. It generally means ownership in percentage from a given property. The terms and conditions are defined in a license agreement which includes copyrights, patents, trademarks and many other important clauses. License agreement is generally owned by government but in some cases it can also go to private hands.

Micro Credit

Micro Credit is a small loan given to unemployed youths or to poor entrepreneurs. Such loans are also given to people who live in poverty and are considered bankable. These section of people lack security and a stable income, as a result they are considered illegible to get conventional credit.Micro Credit was designed to eradicate poverty from the world.

Spreading out the “spreads” in Forex

Forex prices or quotes consist of a “bid” and “ask” price, as in other financial products. While bid is the price at which the dealer buys and the trader sells, ‘ask’ is the price at which the dealer will sell and the trader buys the currency of choice. The difference between the two is known as the “spread”, and the trader’s transaction cost. While the spread is a basic Forex term, new traders get easily confused by the concept and should rely on a good educational Forex source.

The value of the ‘pip’

Currencies are generally quoted to four decimal places. For example, the Euro/USD trades at 1.2400/1.2403. The last decimal place is known as the point or “pip”, the smallest value of the currency pair. For most currencies, the pip is 0.0001 of an exchange rate. If the EUR/USD change is from 1.2400 to 1.2402, the change in pip is 2. The spread used by brokers can vary, be it for one mini lot or manifold standard lots, each time a trade is placed. The spread paid on a standard lot for a 2-pip spread is 20 dollars. When these costs are reduced, trading profits naturally go up.

No loser even with a losing trade
By participating in a rebate program, a trader can receive back a portion of the spread paid for every trade. Such programs are offered by introducing brokers like Forex Trading Pal. This introducing broker offers a high rebate (0.5 pip on each lot traded) and sustains good relationships with well respected brokers.

Let us take the case of a trader with a 10,000-dollar account and an average 30 trades a month. Suppose one standard lot per trade is made, the trader takes home up to 5 dollars per trade. The transaction cost on a 2-pip spread thus works out to 600 dollars. The transaction cost with a 5-dollar rebate works out to 450 dollars, a saving indeed!
It is possible to get a rebate even in a losing trade since it is the overall volume traded and not the amount of winning or losing trades that is relevant to rebates. And now for a word of advice! Before committing to a broker, make sure you have educated yourself about the risks involved. If you have any questions, never hesitate to contact a financial advisor.

Reinsurance

Reinsurance is taken by an insurance company to protect itself from any risk of loss that it might incur from other insurance companies offering similar products and services. Re-insures offer insurance to insurance companies just as insurance companies provide insurance cover to policy holders. There are many reasons as to why such insurance is needed by an insurance company. They help in risk transfer, result predictions, managing cost of capital and and on.